" We lived by very complex import and export policies, a very complex industrial licensing regime. Very few people could get licences, which were required right from manufacturing a pin to manufacturing a car, and generally went to people who found favour with the government. "
- Sunil Mittal

The quote speaks about a highly regulated economic environment where government control was pervasive across all sectors of industry. It describes an intricate system of import and export policies, as well as stringent industrial licensing requirements that made it extremely difficult for most individuals to start or expand businesses. Essentially, these regulations dictated every aspect of manufacturing, from producing something as simple as a pin to building complex machinery like cars.

At a deeper level, the quote reflects on the challenges and inefficiencies inherent in an economy dominated by extensive government intervention. Such a system often leads to a lack of competition and innovation because only those who have political connections can secure necessary licenses to operate businesses. This not only stifles economic growth but also creates an uneven playing field where success is more about personal relationships with authorities than merit or business acumen. The quote hints at the broader implications of such regulatory frameworks, which can perpetuate corruption and limit economic opportunities for a majority of citizens.

Sunil Mittal is an Indian businessman known for founding Bharti Enterprises, a conglomerate that operates across various sectors including telecommunications, energy, and retail. Mittal’s insights, as reflected in this quote, come from his firsthand experience navigating the complex business landscape of India during its period of economic liberalization. His perspective offers valuable insight into how restrictive policies can hinder economic development and entrepreneurship.