In simple terms, supersymmetry suggests that every particle we know about has a partner particle with slightly different properties. For example, alongside the electron, there should exist another particle called the selectron; similarly, quarks have their corresponding squarks. This idea introduces symmetry in how particles interact at the most fundamental level of physics.
Exploring beyond its basic interpretation, supersymmetry offers profound implications for our understanding of the universe. It aims to address some puzzles that remain unsolved within the Standard Model of particle physics, such as why certain forces are so vastly different in strength and why there is a hierarchy problem involving the masses of particles. Moreover, it provides a natural candidate for dark matter, an invisible substance thought to make up about 27% of the universe’s total mass-energy content. Supersymmetry also ties into broader theoretical frameworks like string theory, enriching our potential understanding of quantum mechanics and gravity.
The quote is from Brian Greene, a renowned American theoretical physicist known for his ability to explain complex ideas in physics to a general audience through books, lectures, and television appearances. His work focuses on string theory and its implications for the nature of space-time and matter. Through his writings and public engagements, Greene has made significant contributions to making advanced concepts accessible to those outside academic circles.