" President George H. W. Bush soon launched Operation Desert Shield, sending an enormous contingent of troops to Saudi Arabia. But once there, what exactly were they to do? Contain Iraq? Attack and liberate Kuwait? Drive on to Baghdad and depose Saddam? There was no clear consensus among foreign policy advisers or analysts. "
- Greg Grandin

The quote discusses a pivotal moment during the early stages of the Gulf War when President George H. W. Bush dispatched a large number of troops to Saudi Arabia after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. The literal meaning implies that while these forces were deployed, there was uncertainty about their specific objectives. Were they meant to contain Iraq’s aggression, liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation, or pursue more ambitious goals like toppling Saddam Hussein? This ambiguity highlighted the lack of a clear strategic consensus among advisors and analysts.

Beyond its immediate context, the quote underscores broader themes in military strategy and political decision-making. It illustrates the complex challenges faced by leaders when responding to international crises, particularly the difficulty in defining precise objectives and garnering agreement on them within their advisory circles. The absence of clarity can lead to hesitation and internal debates, which may slow down or complicate decisive action. Additionally, it highlights how geopolitical events often involve intricate balancing acts between immediate concerns and long-term strategic goals.

Greg Grandin is an American historian known for his writings on U.S. foreign policy and Latin America. He has authored several books that critically examine the historical dimensions of U.S. imperialism and its impact on global affairs. This quote, reflecting his expertise in understanding complex geopolitical situations, showcases his ability to capture the nuanced challenges faced by leaders during critical moments in history.