" I’ve been fascinated over the years by the way refrains work. Think, say, of the refrains in Yeats’ ballads. Ideally, each time the refrain comes back in a poem, it is both the same and different. It works by counterpoint and reiteration. It accrues meaning. "
- Edward Hirsch

The quote speaks about the intriguing nature of refrains in poetry, emphasizing their ability to captivate readers through repetition that carries both constancy and variation. Refrains are recurring phrases or lines within a poem that return at intervals, each time bringing with them a nuanced layer of meaning. Edward Hirsch notes how these repeated elements can be found in the works of W.B. Yeats, where they serve to deepen the overall impact of the poetry.

Upon closer examination, the quote delves into the concept of how refrains enrich poetic composition by adding layers of complexity and depth through their recurrence. Each time a refrain appears, it is both familiar due to its repetitive nature and new because it reflects different contexts or themes within the poem’s narrative progression. This interplay between familiarity and novelty creates a dynamic reading experience that encourages deeper engagement with the text. The refrains accumulate meaning as they weave in and out of the poem's structure, resonating differently at each reappearance and contributing to an overarching theme.

Edward Hirsch is a renowned American poet, essayist, and critic known for his insightful analyses on poetry. His extensive work includes numerous books about poets and poetic forms, making him a respected voice in literary circles. This quote reflects Hirsch’s deep understanding of how poetic devices like refrains can enhance the emotional and intellectual dimensions of a poem by fostering connections between its various parts.