In simple terms, this quote suggests that the properties we associate with objects or environments are not merely based on their physical characteristics alone but rather how these characteristics interact with and affect living organisms, particularly animals. James J. Gibson's statement challenges the conventional scientific view by proposing an ecological perspective where the nature of things is defined relative to the beings experiencing them.
Exploring deeper, Gibson’s idea highlights a shift from traditional object-centric views in physics and biology to a more holistic understanding that considers the relationship between entities and their surroundings. This approach emphasizes how animals perceive and interact with their environment, suggesting that properties such as visibility or accessibility are meaningful only within the context of an animal's needs and sensory capabilities. For example, a tree might be seen as providing shade or shelter not just because of its physical structure but also due to the benefits it offers to a living being.
James J. Gibson was a pioneering psychologist known for his work in ecological psychology, which focuses on understanding how perception is grounded in environmental interaction rather than abstract internal representations. His insights have had significant impacts across various fields including cognitive science and robotics, influencing theories about human cognition and machine learning by emphasizing the importance of direct experience with the environment.
